Physic- 19
<-- Example of a 24k gold.
What does 24K gold and 18K gold mean?

Pure gold is 24K. Which means, 18K gold is 18 parts of pure gold and 6 parts of alloy. According to the internet, pure gold is not expensive. It's just that pure 24K gold is soft. Because of that, we might not be able to wear it or something, it might just drop.
So when we include alloys, the 'gold' would be 'harder'.
Alloying gold also produces its varying colors including white, red, green, and blue. The formulas each refinery uses are closely guarded secrets but some common combinations follow. For example, gold when alloyed with silver is white or with copper, reddish.

Done.